The D2D satellite market is evolving through distinct implementation paths — proprietary, pre-standard, and 3GPP-defined. Understanding the difference is key to navigating what’s real, what’s coming, and what belongs to […]
Clearing Up the Direct-to-Device (D2D) Satellite Debate
PON Evolution in Fixed Broadband: From GPON to XGS-PON and the 25G/50G Roadmap
Passive Optical Network (PON) technology is the backbone of modern fixed broadband, enabling high-speed fiber connectivity across residential, enterprise, and mobile backhaul segments. The PON market is undergoing a significant […]
ITU Regions and Radio Spectrum Allocation
In my first post of 2026, I’d like to share a brief, practical overview of the radio spectrum—the actual blood of connectivity. The ITU Radio Regulations govern global spectrum use […]
Wi-Fi 7 MLO (Multi-Link Operation) is a Game Changer in the WiFi Industry
Existing Wi-Fi 6 devices support multiband operations across the 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz bands. However, these operations are independent, lacking coordination and significantly reduce efficiency. To address […]
WiFi6 Performance on 5GHz Vs. 6GHz
Wi-Fi remains the default solution for indoor connectivity, handling the majority of data traffic across smartphones, tablets, and IoT devices. According to the UK telecoms regulator Ofcom, in its 2022 […]
The End of DISH’s Dream – The U.S. Stays a Three-Player Market
For many years, policymakers, regulators, and industry observers maintained expectations for a fourth national wireless carrier to contend with AT&T, Verizon, and T-Mobile. This anticipation primarily relied on DISH Network, which […]
6 GHz band for unlicensed Wi-Fi use in GCC [WiFi6E & WiFi7]
Wi-Fi is a key resource in the world communications ecosystem. Up to 90% of all mobile device traffic is carried on Wi-Fi. The 6 GHz band is a breakthrough that sets […]
So Fast, It’s Unreal: Japan’s Internet Can Download All of Netflix in One Second
Imagine being able to download every HD video on Netflix in just one second… Now, with Japan, we can say yes. Japan’s National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) achieved […]
Widespread Power Outage hits Spain and Portugal
The blackout, which began around midday, disrupted essential infrastructure, including mobile networks, internet services, and emergency communication systems. In both Spain and Portugal, users experienced difficulties with voice calls, and […]
What is The Evolved Packet Data Gateway (ePDG) ?
Before discussing ePDG in more detail, let’s explain why we need it. The answer is to connect between 3GPP networks (LTE/5G core) and non-3GPP networks (Wi-Fi). But, why do we […]
How Does International Roaming Billing Work? Wholesale/Retail
When going to the Roaming topic, sometimes you hear words like Wholesale Charge and Retail Charge. So What is the difference between them? The Wholesale Charge determines how much roaming costs […]