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When discussing 5G, most conversations focus on higher throughput, lower latency, and support for massive device connectivity. While these capabilities are important, one of the most significant advancements in 5G lies beneath the surface: security. As mobile networks advance from offering consumer broadband to enabling critical infrastructure, industrial automation, autonomous systems, and mission-critical communications, their […]

The global shutdown of 2G and 3G networks is often framed as a spectrum-efficiency story. Operators are retiring legacy technologies to reuse valuable spectrum for 4G and 5G, improve network capacity, reduce operational complexity, and lower the cost per bit. All of that is true. But beneath the spectrum refarming discussion sits a much more […]

The next mobile cell site may not stand on a rooftop, tower, or mountain ridge. It may fly in the stratosphere. High Altitude Platform Stations, or HAPS, are emerging as a practical way to extend mobile coverage directly to ordinary devices in areas where terrestrial networks are unavailable, uneconomic, or disrupted. However, turning a stratospheric […]

3GPP Release 18 introduces an important enhancement to millimeter-wave user equipment performance: support for more capable downlink reception in FR2 through simultaneous multi-beam operation. While this may not sound as headline-grabbing as wider bandwidths or higher peak data rates, it addresses one of the practical UE-side limitations that has historically affected mmWave performance. The limitation […]

The D2D satellite market is evolving through distinct implementation paths — proprietary, pre-standard, and 3GPP-defined. Understanding the difference is key to navigating what’s real, what’s coming, and what belongs to which ecosystem. Conversations about direct-to-device (D2D) satellite connectivity frequently collapse very different technologies into a single category. Apple’s emergency SOS, Starlink’s T-Mobile partnership, and Skylo’s […]