The architecture of eNB or gNB with O-DU and O-RUs has some important definitions here: O-DU: O-RAN Distributed Unit: a logical node hosting RLC/MAC/High-PHY layers based on a lower layer […]
eNB/gNB Architecture with O-DU and O-RUs
What is Precision Timing Protocol (PTP)?
What is PTP? Precision Time Protocol (PTP), defined in the IEEE1588-2008 standard, is a protocol that uses a master-slave hierarchy to synchronize clocks on network devices. PTP uses hardware time […]
What is The M-Plane in Open RAN?
First, to understand the function of the fronthaul M-Plane, let’s remember the Fronthaul Planes, Please read this and continue. What are C/U/M/S Fronthaul (FH) Planes in ORAN ? What is […]
Call Session Control Function (CSCF) in IMS
The Call Session Control function (CSCF) is the heart of the IMS architecture and is used to process SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) signaling. The main function of the CSCF is […]
What is 5G Security Edge Protection Proxy (SEPP)?
The Security Edge Protection Proxy (SEPP) is a proxy that sits at the perimeter of the PLMN network and enables secured communication between inter-PLMN network messages. It protects the home […]
Are 5G and WiFi6E Friends or Competitors?
When it comes to questioning, Are 5G and WiFi6E friends or competitors, I prefer to answer “They Should be Friends” 5G (cellular technology) and Wi-Fi 6E (wireless LAN) use similar […]
3GPP Releases, Main Features from 3G to 4G
3GPP specifications cover cellular telecommunications technologies, including radio access, core network, and service capabilities, which provide a complete system description for mobile telecommunications. In general, there are many wireless technologies […]
The Best Analogy for OpenRAN is IKEA
For example, if we are looking at 5G RAN which is composed of a variety of subsystems including network elements such as the baseband unit (BBU) and remote radio Unit […]
Why 5G needs moving from CPRI to eCPRI?
? CPRI is standardized by the Common Public Radio Interface forum with the first specification in 2003 with some features It is based on functional split 8 (Split E in […]
What is Control and User Plane Separation (CUPS)
Problem Statement As applications based on 5G become more widespread, the need for EPC to achieve higher speed and capacity communications, lower latency communications, and simultaneous connection of many terminals […]
RIC Main Components: Non-RT RIC and Near-RT RIC
The RAN intelligent Controller (RIC) is cloud-native, and a central component of an open and virtualized RAN network. The RIC aligns with 3GPP release 15 and beyond. It is foundational […]